An increased risk of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients with liver disease or chronic kidney disease

Objectives:
Does liver disease or chronic kidney disease increase risk of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients?

Study design:
This review article included 22 studies with a total of 5,595 COVID-19 patients, of which 2,045 (36.55%) were female.
Where reported, 147/5,305 (2.77%) and 83/5,038 (1.65%) had comorbidities of liver diseases and chronic kidney disease, respectively.
The mean ±SD (range) of the sample sizes of all included studies was 254.32 ± 385.76 (29-1,591).
15 of the 22 studies, comprising 4,367 patients, reported mortality. Where reported, the mortality was 710/4,367 (16.26%) in this review.
The mean (±SD) follow-up time was 30.55 ± 13.24 days.

Results and conclusions:   
The investigators found the prevalence of liver diseases and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were 3% [95% CI = 2% to 3%, I2 = 46.62%, p = 0.01] and 1% [95% CI = 1% to 2%, I2 = 27.60%, p = 0.15], respectively.

The investigators found in patients with COVID-19 and underlying liver diseases, 57.33% (43/75) of cases were severe, with 17.65% mortality, while in chronic kidney disease patients, 83.93% (47/56) of cases were severe and 53.33% (8/15) mortality was reported.

The investigators concluded there is an increased risk of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients with liver disease or chronic kidney disease. This will lead to better clinical management and inform the process of implementing more stringent preventative measures for this group of patients.

Original title:
Prognosis of COVID-19 in Patients With Liver and Kidney Diseases: An Early Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Oyelade T, Alqahtani J and Canciani G.  

Link:
https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/5/2/80/htm

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