Voeding en gezondheid

Research Question:
Swallowing of vitamin E reduces the chance of getting a heart attack?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 16 Rcts. The dosage ranged between 33 and 800 IU of vitamin e. the follow-up duration ranged between 0.5 and 9.4 years.
1 IU of vitamin E is approximately:

• 1 mg dl-α tocopherol acetate
• 0.91 mg dl-α tocopherol
• 0.67 mg d-α tocopherol (vitamin E in people's mouth)
• 1.12 mg dl-α tocoferolwaterstofsuccinaat

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that swallowing vitamin E the chance of getting a heart attack significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70-0.96, p = 0.01] reduced.

The researchers found that swallowing vitamin E the chance of getting a fatal heart attacks significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.73-0.96, p = 0.01] reduced.

The researchers concluded that swallowing 33-800 IE (22.11-536 mg) vitamin a day, reduced the risk of getting a heart attack. However, this reduced risk disappeared when vitamin E was combined with other antioxidants. 

Original title:
Supplementation with vitamin e alone is associated with reduced myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis by Loffredo L, Perri L, [...], Violi f.

Link:
http://www.nmcd-journal.com/article/S0939-4753%2815%2900024-1/abstract

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on vitamin E and prevent a heart attack.

Research Question:
Observational studies suggest an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the results are inconsistent. It was therefore carried out this review article.

Eating fruits and vegetables lowers the chances of getting coronary heart disease?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 23 prospective studies with 937665 participants, of which 18047 patients with coronary artery disease.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating lots of fruits and vegetables the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.79-0.90] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of fruits the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 14% [RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.82-0.91] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of vegetables the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 13% [RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.81-0.93] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 477 grams of fruit and vegetables per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 12% [RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.85-0.91] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 300 grams of fruit per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75-0.93] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 400 g of vegetables per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73-0.92] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that eating fruits and/or vegetables the chances of getting coronary artery disease among Europeans but not under Asians reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating vegetables and/or fruit the chance of getting a reduced coronary artery disease, especially among Asians.

Original title:
Or fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Gan Y, Tong X, [...], Lu Z.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25662075

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on eating fruits and vegetables and heart disease.

Research Question:
A zinc deficiency increases the chance of getting a heart attack?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 41 case-control studies with 2886 participants.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that patients who had a heart attack have low zinc status (less zinc in the body) [SMD =-1,148, 95% CI =-2,365 to-1,331] had than healthy people. 

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that patients who have had a heart attack a low serum zinc status [SMD =-1,764, 95% CI =-2,417 to-1.112] had than healthy people. 

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that patients who have had a heart attack her a low zinc status [SMD =-3.326, 95% CI = 4.616-to-2.036] had than healthy people. 

The researchers found that both men in the subgroup analysis [SMD =-3,350, 95% CI =-149 to-1,348] and women [SMD =-1,652, 95% CI =-3,440 to-1922] who have had a heart attack had a low zinc status than healthy people.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that the zinc status in Asian patients who have had a heart attack, lower than in European patients.

The researchers concluded that there is a significant relationship existed between zinc deficiency and getting a heart attack.

Original title:
Deficient Zinc Levels and Myocardial Infarction: Association Between Deficient Zinc Levels and Myocardial Infarction: a Meta-analysis by Liu B, Cai ZQ and Zhou YM.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25627421

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on zinc and prevent a heart attack.