Cancer

Objectives:
Despite the widespread increase in the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC), the reasons for this increase remain unclear. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

What are the risk factors of early-onset colorectal cancer?

Study design:
This review article included 20 studies.

With the exception of alcohol consumption, there was considerable heterogeneity among studies [I2 > 60%].

Objectives:
Apart from ruminant fat, trans fatty acids are produced during the partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils, (eg, in the production of ultraprocessed foods). Harmful cardiovascular effects of trans fatty acids are already proven, but the link with cancer risk has not yet been summarized. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
Does calcium reduce the risk of incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenomas and advanced adenomas?

Study design:
This review article included 37 relevant clinical trials and observational studies involving over 10,964 cases.

Results and conclusions:
The investigators found that calcium consumption significantly reduced the risk of colorectal adenomas incidence by 8% [RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89 to 0.96].

Objectives:
There appears to be a sex-specific association between obesity and colorectal neoplasia in patients with Lynch Syndrome (LS). Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation has been proposed as a potential therapy for cancer-related malnutrition, which affects up to 70% of patients with cancer. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
Previous studies have provided limited evidence for the effect of carrot intake on bladder cancer incidence. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there a relationship between dietary carrot intake and bladder cancer incidence?

Study design:
This review article included 3 cohort studies.

Objectives:
Does breastfeeding reduce risk of ovarian cancer in women with BRCA1 mutation or BRCA2 mutation?

Study design:
This review article included 1 cohort study and 4 case-control studies with a total of 14,601 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

There was no publication bias.

Objectives:
The efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine for newly diagnosed glioblastoma remains controversial. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does dendritic cell vaccine provide benefits for the newly diagnosed glioblastoma?

Study design:
This review article included 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Objectives:
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common symptom, but prophylactic measures cannot still be carried out effectively. In addition, the efficacy of vitamin E in preventing peripheral neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy is inconclusive. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
Does postoperative coffee or caffeine consumption causally reduce risk of postoperative ileus (POI) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery?

Study design:
This review article included 4 RCTs with 312 subjects.

Results and conclusions: