Nutritional Advice El Mondo
Objectives:
The results of epidemiological studies on the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and lung cancer risk were inconsistent among participants with different smoking status. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.
Do dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables reduce risk of lung cancer?
Study design:
This review article included a total of 12 prospective cohort studies.
The duration of follow-up ranged from 4 to 12.9 years.
No publication bias was found.
Results and conclusions:
The investigators found for dietary consumption of fruit a significantly reduced risk of 14% [summary RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.94, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.642] for lung cancer among current smokers.
Significant means that there is an association with a 95% confidence.
The investigators found for dietary consumption of fruit a significantly reduced risk of 9% [summary RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.99, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.653] for lung cancer among former smokers.
Significant because RR of 1 was not found in the 95% CI of 0.84 to 0.99. RR of 1 means no risk/association.
The investigators found stratified analysis showed that dietary consumption of fruit significantly reduced risk of lung cancer with 23% [RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.96] in current smoking subjects from Europe.
The investigators found in linear dose-response analysis that an increase of 100 grams of fruit intake per day was associated with a 5% reduction [RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93 to 0.97, p for trend 0.001] in current smokers.
The investigators found in linear dose-response analysis that an increase of 100 grams of fruit intake per day was associated with a 5% reduction [RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93 to 0.99, p for trend = 0.001] in former smokers.
The investigators found for dietary consumption of vegetables a significantly reduced risk of 13% [summary RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.97, I2 = 25.4%, p = 0.226] for lung cancer among current smokers.
The investigators found in linear dose-response analysis that an increase of 100 grams of vegetable intake per day was associated with a 3% lower risk of lung cancer in current smokers [95% CI = 0.96 to 1.00, p for trend = 0.057].
The investigators concluded that fruit consumption, at least 100g per day decreases lung cancer risk among current smokers and former smokers, while vegetables consumption, at least 100g per day decreases lung cancer risk of current smokers. These findings may have considerable public health significance for the prevention of lung cancer through dietary interventions.
Original title:
The Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Lung Cancer Risk in Participants with Different Smoking Status: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies by Wang C, Yang T, [...], Li D.
Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723574/
Additional information of El Mondo:
Find more information/studies on fruit and vegetables consumption and cancer right here.