Chronic diseases

Objectives:
The role of fruit and vegetables (FVs) consumption in decreasing gallstone disease risk remains contradictory.Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does fruit or vegetables consumption reduce risk of gallstone disease?

Objectives:
Whether exercise can improve cardiovascular health in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is unclear. Therefore, this review article (meta-analysis) has been conducted.

Does exercise improve cardiovascular health in kidney transplant recipients?

Objectives:
Does dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs (such as DHA, EPA, DPA and ALA) or fish consumption improve lung function?

Study design:
This review article included 9 cohort studies from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (n = 37,077 black and white participants).

Objectives:
Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased systemic inflammation are important risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hence, vitamin D administration might be an appropriate approach to decrease the complications of chronic kidney disease. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Have vitamin D supplements beneficial effects on people with chronic kidney disease?

Objectives:
Previous studies reported that magnesium deficiency was associated with vascular calcifications, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, which might play an independent pathogenic role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. However, the results of these studies were somewhat underpowered and inconclusive. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
The prevalence of overweight/obesity in adults is raised to 39%, which is nearly tripled more than 1975. The alteration of the gut microbiome has been widely accepted as one of the main causal factors. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
There is little evidence whether eggs affect inflammation. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Objectives:
Systematic inflammation plays a major role in all stages of chronic diseases. Recent evidence suggests that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), as an anti-inflammatory agent, has shown beneficial effects on the inflammatory process of various human diseases. However, several trials have examined the effects of coenzyme Q10 on pro-inflammatory cytokines with contrasting results. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does coenzyme Q10 supplementation reduce inflammation in humans?

Objectives:
Environmental risk factors regrading rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not been explored extensively. Selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) nutrients were reported to associate with rheumatoid arthritis, but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there a relationship between serum selenium, zinc and copper levels and rheumatoid arthritis risk?

Study design:
This review article included 41 studies.

Objectives:
Does omega-3 fatty acids supplementation improve serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], high-sensitivity CRP [hs-CRP], tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6) and albumin in patients on hemodialysis?