Nutritional Advice El MondoObjectives:
Previous studies suggest that dietary vitamin C is inversely associated with gastric cancer (GC), but most of them did not consider intake of fruit and vegetables. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.
Do higher dietary vitamin C intakes reduce gastric cancer risk after adjusting for intake of fruit and vegetables?
Study design:
This review article included 14 case-control studies with in total 5,362 cases (persons with gastric cancer) and 11,497 controls (persons without gastric cancer).
More cases were male (61.88% vs. 54.64%), older than 60 years (63.37% vs. 57.87%) and had low socioeconomic status (57.29% vs. 45.66%) compared with controls.
In addition, a higher proportion of cases than controls were obese (21.34% vs. 19.06%), current smokers (26.58% vs. 24.14%) and ever drinkers (64.85 vs. 63.29%).
Similarly, H. pylori seropositivity (63.82% vs. 61.86%) was more common among cases than among controls when considering only participants from the 7 studies with available information.
A larger proportion of controls reported high intake of fruit and vegetables compared with cases.
Most cases were of noncardia (57.03%) and intestinal type gastric cancer (33.01%).
Cases had a lower median intake of vitamin C and fewer of them were in the highest quartiles of intake compared with controls.
Results and conclusions:
The investigators found individuals in the highest quartile of dietary vitamin C intake had a significantly reduced risk of 36% for gastric cancer compared with those in the lowest quartile [OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.58 to 0.72].
The investigators found, however, when additionally adjusting for BMI and intake of fruit and vegetables, the observed association was attenuated and the OR for the highest versus lowest quartile of dietary vitamin C was 0.85 [95% CI = 0.73 to 0.98].
The investigators found a significant inverse association for noncardia gastric cancer, as well as for both intestinal and diffuse types of the disease.
The investigators found dose-response analysis showed decreasing ORs of gastric cancer up to 150-200 mg/day of vitamin C [OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.71], whereas ORs for higher intakes were close to 1.0.
The investigators concluded that consumption of 150-200 mg/day of vitamin C reduce gastric cancer risk. However, further well-designed prospective studies, aimed at disentangling the complex relationships between intake of fruit and vegetables, vitamins and other antioxidants and gastric cancer, are warranted to prove causality of the observed relationship between vitamin C and gastric cancer.
Original title:
Dietary intake of vitamin C and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project by Sassano M, Seyyedsalehi MS, […], Boffetta P.
Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11016516/
Additional information of El Mondo:
Find more information/studies on cohort studies/significantly, viamin C and cancer right here.