Nutritional Advice El Mondo
Objectives:
Does a high serum vitamin D level reduce risk of latent tuberculosis infection?
Study design:
This review article included 2 case-control studies and 3 cohort studies with a total of 1,516 subjects, comprising 117 latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) patients.
Diagnosis of LTBI in all studies was based upon QFN-GIT, IGRAs and/or TST.
2 case-control and 3 cohort studies were considered as high quality.
Between-studies heterogeneity varied from none to small for the meta-analyses with I2 values ranging from 64.5 to 75.7%. However, sensitivity analysis and visual inspection of funnel plots for checking asymmetry and publication bias weren’t done because only 2 articles were included in association of vitamin D and the risk of LTBI and 3 in association of vitamin D and the incidence of LTBI.
Results and conclusions:
The investigators found in a pooled analysis of 2 case-control studies with 41 LTBI cases and 142 control subjects, that relatively high serum vitamin D level was not significantly associated with a decreased risk of latent tuberculosis infection [OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.05 to 5.65, p = 0.58, I2 = 64.5%].
Not significantly because the calculated p-value of 0.58 was larger than the p-value of 0.05.
The investigators found in a pooled analysis of 3 cohort studies involving 1,333 participants, that relatively high serum vitamin D levels did not reduce the incidence of latent tuberculosis infection [RR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.19 to 1.67, p = 0.300, I2 = 75.7%].
The investigators concluded that serum vitamin D levels are not associated with incidence of latent tuberculosis infection and relatively high serum vitamin D level is not a protective factor for latent tuberculosis infection. Further RCTs are needed to verify whether sufficient vitamin D levels and vitamin D supplementation prevents latent tuberculosis infection.
Original title:
Vitamin D and the risk of latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Cao Y, Wang X, […], Du J.
Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772077/
Additional information of El Mondo:
Find more information/studies on food fortification/malnutrition and vitamin D right here.