Nutritional Advice El Mondo
Objectives:
Previous findings on the associations of legume and soy intake with the risk of type 2 diabetes are conflicting. Therefore, this review article (meta-analysis) has been conducted.
Does legume or soy dietary intake reduce risk of type 2 diabetes?
Study design:
This review article included 15 unique cohort studies with a total of 565,810 individuals and 32,093 incident cases (persons with type 2 diabetes).
Overall quality of evidence was rated as moderate for total legumes and low for total soy and soy subtypes.
Results and conclusions:
The investigators found no association between total legumes dietary intake and risk of type 2 diabetes [summary RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.79 to 1.14, I2 = 84.8%].
No association because RR of 1 was found in the 95% CI of 0.79 to 1.14. RR of 1 means no risk/association.
The investigators found no association between total soy dietary intake and risk of type 2 diabetes [summary RR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.68 to 1.01, I2 = 90.8%].
The investigators found no association between soy milk dietary intake and risk of type 2 diabetes [summary RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.71 to 1.11, I2 = 91.7%].
The investigators found tofu dietary intake significantly reduced risk of type 2 diabetes with 8% [summary RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.99].
Significantly because RR of 1 was not found in the 95% CI of 0.84 to 0.99. RR of 1 means no risk/association.
The investigators found soy protein dietary intake significantly reduced risk of type 2 diabetes with 16% [summary RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.95].
The investigators found soy isoflavones dietary intake significantly reduced risk of type 2 diabetes with 12% [summary RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81 to 0.96].
The investigators found in dose-response analysis, significant linear inverse associations for tofu, soy protein and soy isoflavones [all p 0.05].
The investigators concluded dietary intakes of tofu, soy protein and soy isoflavones reduce incident type 2 diabetes. These findings support recommendations to increase intakes of certain soy products for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. However, the overall quality of evidence was low and more high-quality evidence from prospective studies is needed.
Original title:
Legume and soy intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Tang J, Wan Y, […], Feng F.
Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915830
Additional information of El Mondo:
Find more information/studies on diabetes and tofu right here.