Dit tabblad beantwoordt de volgende voedingsvraag: Hoe kan voeding positief bijdragen aan mijn gezondheid?

Één zwaluw maakt nog geen zomer. Dus een énkele wetenschappelijke studie over een bepaald onderwerp zegt niet zoveel maar een overzichtsartikel (=een verzameling van wetenschappelijke studies over een bepaald onderwerp) van RCT's geeft wel antwoord op de volgende vraag:
”Is het zinvol om voedingssupplementen te slikken?”. Ja bij een positieve conclusie en nee bij een negatieve conclusie.

Een overzichtsartikel (=een verzameling van wetenschappelijke studies over een bepaald onderwerp) van cohort of patiënt-controle studies geeft antwoord op de volgende vraag: ”Moet ik mijn voedingspatroon veranderen of niet?”.

Voorbeeld:
Vind wetenschappelijke studies over het eten van groente en fruit: type groente en fruit in het zoekveld. Het zoekresultaat wordt dan getoond.

Voeding en gezondheid

Knoflooksupplementen verlagen de bloeddruk

Research Question:
Swallowing garlic supplements lowers the blood pressure?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 17 Rcts.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that garlic supplements the systolic blood pressure significantly with 3.75 mmHg [95% CI =-5.04 to-2.45, I2 = 30.7%, p 0.001] reduced.

The researchers found that garlic supplements the diastolic blood pressure significantly with 3.39 mmHg [95% CI =-4.14 to-2.65, I2 = 67% p 0.001] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that garlic supplements the systolic blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure with 4.4 mmHg [95% CI =-7.37 to-1.42, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.008] reduced, but not in people with normal blood pressure.

The researchers found in the sensitivity analysis in which the heterogeneity disappeared, that garlic supplements the diastolsiche blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure significantly with 2.68 mmHg [95% CI =-5.99 to-0.42, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.020] reduced.

The researchers concluded that garlic supplements reduced blood pressure, especially in people with high blood pressure.

Original title:
Effect of Garlic on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis by Wang HP, Yang J, [...], Yang XJ.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25557383

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on garlic and prevent high blood pressure.
Read more about overview article, Rcts, 95% CI and subgroup analysis.

Studies 2015

Below you will find scientific investigations into the relationship between the vegetarian diet and health.

The review articles of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Vegetarian diet leads to weight loss

Studies 2015

Below you will find scientific investigations into the relationship between nutrition and obesity.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Vegetarian diet leads to weight loss

22-536 mg vitamine E per dag verlaagt een hartinfarct

Research Question:
Swallowing of vitamin E reduces the chance of getting a heart attack?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 16 Rcts. The dosage ranged between 33 and 800 IU of vitamin e. the follow-up duration ranged between 0.5 and 9.4 years.
1 IU of vitamin E is approximately:

1 mg dl-α tocopherol acetate
0.91 mg dl-α tocopherol
0.67 mg d-α tocopherol (vitamin E in people's mouth)
1.12 mg dl-α tocoferolwaterstofsuccinaat

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that swallowing vitamin E the chance of getting a heart attack significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70-0.96, p = 0.01] reduced.

The researchers found that swallowing vitamin E the chance of getting a fatal heart attacks significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.73-0.96, p = 0.01] reduced.

The researchers concluded that swallowing 33-800 IE (22.11-536 mg) vitamin a day, reduced the risk of getting a heart attack. However, this reduced risk disappeared when vitamin E was combined with other antioxidants.

Original title:
Supplementation with vitamin e alone is associated with reduced myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis by Loffredo L, Perri L, [...], Violi f.

Link:
http://www.nmcd-journal.com/article/S0939-4753%2815%2900024-1/abstract

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on vitamin E and prevent a heart attack.

Houdt Vifit aardbei-rode bes met extra proteïne uw spiermassa instand?

Product:
Vifit FrieslandCampina's strawberry-red berry (NL Z0035 EC).

Details:
The product delivers 34% of your daily amount of protein.

Protein contributes to the preservation of muscle mass:
On the packaging it says "protein contributes to the preservation of muscle mass". This is a health claim (a claim that refers to the action of a nutrient) and the manufacturer may claim only on the packaging when protein (minimum) 12% contributes to the total calorie content of this product. This product delivers 69 kcal per 100 ml and 5.2 grams of protein or 5.2 grams of protein (see ingredients list).
5.2 grams of protein delivers 20.8 kcal for 1 gram protein 4 kcal. 20.8 kcal is 30.1% of 69 kcal. In other words, the manufacturer of the law "protein contributes to the preservation of muscle mass" on the packaging.

But it is your muscle mass really maintained by drinking this product? No, first we get daily through feeding unconscious more than proteins within the body really needs. So eating products with added proteins is a waste of money. Although we (without extra efforts) a lot of proteins than the body needs, the muscle mass is not always retained. The muscle mass is retained only through daily physical activities. So if you ingest a lot of proteins but not to daily physical activity does, your muscle mass will eventually decrease. A decreasing muscle mass is nowadays associated with overweight because a decreasing muscle mass means that the body burns fewer calories. Muscles consume more calories than fat. So your muscle mass is maintained through daily physical activities and not by drinking this product!

The extra protein (proteins) in this product is provided by the ingredient milk protein.

0.2% Strawberry and 0.15% red berry:
Why are 0.2% Strawberry and 0.15% red berry mentioned in the ingredients list? This has to do with the name of this product. This product is called Strawberry-red berry yoghurt drink. Since the manufacturer in the product name claims that in this product Strawberry and red currant are, he must of the law the percentage of Strawberry and red currant in the ingredients list. In the name of this product are no raspberry and black currant and therefore, the manufacturer of the law the percentage of raspberry and black currant also failed to mention.

As a consumer's good to know that the manufacturer against releasing the percentages in the ingredients list is because the mention of the percentages makes the product easier to. House brands are counterfeit best-selling A-brands. So you want to know what A brand is, you do not have sold well in the rule only to hetdesbetreffende B brand.

7.5% AHD vitamin D and vitamin B11:
In this product are 7.5% AHD vitamin D and 7.5 ADH vitamin B11 per 100 ml. Why actually?

Before 14 december 2012 was the health claim "good for your immune system" attributed to l. rhamnosus Gorbach & Goldin, l. acidophilus and b. lactis. These are the 4 probiotics in this product.
However, the EFSA health claim "good for your immune system" attributed to l. rhamnosus Gorbach & Goldin, l. acidophilus and b. lactis disapproved. In other words, starting from 14 december 2012 should the manufacturer the health claim "good for your immune system" no longer ascribe to l. rhamnosus Gorbach & Goldin, l. acidophilus and b. lactis. But the manufacturer wants to continue to keep this health claim on the packaging (without the claim "good for your immune system" will be selling this product namely drop because no consumer will buy a probioticadrankje without the words "good for your immune system" on the packaging) and to comply with legislation is therefore, vitamin D and vitamin B11 added to this product. EFSA namely the health claim "good for your immune system" attributed to vitamin D and B11 approved.
To the health claim "good for your immune system" attributed to vitamin D and B11 to be able to put on the package, the manufacturer 15% RDA vitamin D or 15% RDA vitamin B11 add to this product. However, on the package is not 15% RDA but 7.5% AHD vitamin D and 7.5% RDA vitamin B11 per 100 ml. How can that be? Probably because adding 15% RDA vitamin D this product too expensive that the sales will decrease or there's too little fat in this product to 15% RDA vitamin D (vitamin D in the solution to be able to keep is there a certain amount of fat in the product because vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin) in. That is why the manufacturer eventually chosen for the construction 7.5% AHD vitamin D and 7.5% RDA vitamin B11 per 100 ml. 7.5% AHD vitamin D + 7.5% RDA vitamin B11 delivers 15% RDA per 100 ml. This the manufacturer to the law to the health claim "good for your immune system" on the packaging to be able to convert!

Vitamin D and B11 are artificial (coming from a bag) to this product added and that can be seen in the ingredient list because vitamin D and B11 come in the ingredients list for. What in the ingredients list, during the production artificially added to the product. Artificially add vitamins and minerals to a food is cheaper.

This product delivers per 100 ml 0.38 μg vitamin D and that corresponds to 7.5% RDA. How is it calculated? The RDA vitamin (but also minerals) on food packaging is submitted by the EFSA. The RDA vitamin D is EFSA 5 μg. So 0.38 μg is 7.6% of 5 μg; completed is that 7.5%!

As a consumer's good to know that the RDA on food packaging and nutritional supplements comes from EFSA and not by the Health Council of the Netherlands. The RDA of the Health Council is not always equal to the RDA of the EFSA. The RDA of the Health Council of the Netherlands can be found on the Web site of the food centre. As a consumer you must stick to the RDA of the Health Council but who is not on the food packaging or dietary supplements listed!

Yogurt and milk protein:
In the ingredients list is to see that yogurt and milk from milk protein are shown in bold. This is because of legislation passed in december 2014. This legislation required the manufacturer allergens in the ingredients list fat (or underlined, or with capital letter). Yogurt is made from milk and milk before the law an allergen and therefore, yogurt and milk protein of the law in bold.

Why no sodium in the table nutritional value per 100 ml?
According to the new legislation passed in december 2014 was in force, it is not required by law to sodium in the table nutritional value per 100 ml. The legal mandatory particulars are energy (as kcal and kJ), fat, saturated fat, carbohydrates, sugars, protein and salt. It is also not required by law to fiber, minerals and vitamins in the table. The reason that the manufacturer does, is to promote the sale of the product, or to meet legal requirements to a health claim on the package.

The NVWA (Dutch food regulator) used the table nutritional value per 100 ml to see if the claims about nutrition or health claims on the packaging comply with legal requirements or not.

69 kcal per 100 ml:
This product delivers 69 kcal per 100 ml. How is this 69 kcal calculated? In this product is 69 kcal per 100 ml, 0.8 g fat, 9 g carbohydrate and 5.2 g protein and 2.9 g fiber (not state on the label because it is not legally required).
0.8 g fat delivers 0.8 x 9 = 7.2 kcal for 1 g fat provides 9 kcal.
8.8 g carbohydrate provides 5.5 x 4 = 35.2 kcal for 1 g carbohydrate 4 kcal.
5.2 g protein delivers 5.2 x 4 = 20.8 kcal for 1 gram of protein 4 kcal.
1.8 g fiber delivers 2.9 x 2 = 5.8 kcal for 1 gram fiber delivers 2 kcal.
7.2 + 35.2 + 20.8 + 5.8 = 69 kcal.

The total kcal of a product is obtained by the number of calories of fat, carbohydrates, protein and fiber.

Pasture milk:
This product is made with pasture milk. Pasture milk is a nutrition claim. I.e. the manufacturer may only pasture milk on the package when it meets the legal requirement. Pasture milk before the law milk originating from cows that at least 120 days a year, 6 hours per day of the spring until autumn in the Meadow walk. At least 120 days, you must read it because as a consumer not exceeding 120 days why the manufacturer will do more than the law asks him. Do more (in this case more than 120 days) costs money and that translates into an expensive product.

Or the cows actually 120 days a year and 6 hours a day from the spring until autumn walk in the Meadow, is for consumers to figure out because the audit reports of the NEW TOOLS are not released. The consumer can also retrieve these reports. Additionally since the abolition of milk quotas by 2015. The farmer may now unlimited produce milk. A cow that gives all day stabled, generally more milk than a cow in the meadow.

Citric Acid:
Why does citric acid in this product? This product is a drinking yogurt and is regulated by law by the Decree dairy. In the Dairy State decree that drinking yogurt a pH of not more than 4.5 must have (in order to ensure the safety of the product). To this product to a pH of not more than 4.5, citric acid added. A product with a pH (acidity) of 4.5 rule tastes acid and yet this product tastes sweet. How can that be? This is because of the added sugar. Sugar can mask the sour taste of a product. Just look at soft drinks. Soft drink tastes sweet while those a acidity of 3.5. Rhubarb has an acidity of 3.5 and that taste very acidic.

Is there E-numbers in?
Yes, in this product is 1 E-number. Is citric acid E330.

This product is healthy?
To be able to know if this product is healthy or not nutritional values per 100 ml table should be converted into the 7-run profile of this product.

Nutritional values per 100 ml		Calculated 7-points's profile	7-run profile of a healthy product	Conclusion
Energy (kcal)	69	69	69	-
FAT (g)	0.8	10.4%	35%	Low-fat
Saturated fat (g)	0.6	0.08%	10%	Low-fat
Carbohydrates (g)	8.8	51.0%	70%	Balanced
Sugars (g)	8.6	49.9% *	25%	Sugar rich
Protein (g)	5.2	30.1%	35%	Balanced
Sodium (g)	0.04 * *	0.04 g per 100 ml	0.5 g per 100 ml	Low-sodium
Fiber (g)	2.9	4.2 g per 100 kcal	> 1.3 g per 100 kcal	High fiber
* 49.9% sugars is, 8.6 g sugars 49.9% contributes to 69 kcal of this product. ** 0.04 is obtained by 0.10 g salt times 0.4 because 1 grams of salt supplies 0.4 g of sodium.
Overall conclusion: In this product are too much sugars but he conforms to the standards of a healthy product. In other words this product is healthy! When you eat this product, you must correct for the high sugar content. The following product may contain up to 0% sugar! The high sugar content makes this product tastes sweet!

Studies 2015

Below you will find scientific investigations into the relationship between diet and cancer.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Dagelijks 300 gram fruit of 400 gram groenten verlaagt coronaire hartziekte

Research Question:
Observational studies suggest an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the results are inconsistent. It was therefore carried out this review article.

Eating fruits and vegetables lowers the chances of getting coronary heart disease?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 23 prospective studies with 937665 participants, of which 18047 patients with coronary artery disease.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating lots of fruits and vegetables the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.79-0.90] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of fruits the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 14% [RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.82-0.91] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of vegetables the chance of getting a coronary heart disease significantly with 13% [RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.81-0.93] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 477 grams of fruit and vegetables per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 12% [RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.85-0.91] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 300 grams of fruit per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75-0.93] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 400 g of vegetables per day the chances of getting coronary artery disease significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73-0.92] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that eating fruits and/or vegetables the chances of getting coronary artery disease among Europeans but not under Asians reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating vegetables and/or fruit the chance of getting a reduced coronary artery disease, especially among Asians.

Original title:
Or fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Gan Y, Tong X, [...], Lu Z.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25662075

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on eating fruits and vegetables and heart disease.

Studies 2015

Below you will find scientific investigations into the relationship between diet and heart disease.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Een zinktekort leidt tot hartinfarct

Research Question:
A zinc deficiency increases the chance of getting a heart attack?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 41 case-control studies with 2886 participants.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that patients who had a heart attack have low zinc status (less zinc in the body) [SMD =-1,148, 95% CI =-2,365 to-1,331] had than healthy people.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that patients who have had a heart attack a low serum zinc status [SMD =-1,764, 95% CI =-2,417 to-1.112] had than healthy people.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that patients who have had a heart attack her a low zinc status [SMD =-3.326, 95% CI = 4.616-to-2.036] had than healthy people.

The researchers found that both men in the subgroup analysis [SMD =-3,350, 95% CI =-149 to-1,348] and women [SMD =-1,652, 95% CI =-3,440 to-1922] who have had a heart attack had a low zinc status than healthy people.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that the zinc status in Asian patients who have had a heart attack, lower than in European patients.

The researchers concluded that there is a significant relationship existed between zinc deficiency and getting a heart attack.

Original title:
Deficient Zinc Levels and Myocardial Infarction: Association Between Deficient Zinc Levels and Myocardial Infarction: a Meta-analysis by Liu B, Cai ZQ and Zhou YM.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25627421

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on zinc and prevent a heart attack.

Leverpatiënten moeten geen antioxidanten-supplementen slikken!

Research Question:
Different liver diseases are associated with oxidative stress. That is why antioxidants suggested as potential therapeutic agents in various liver diseases. However, the evidence to support this suggestion is ambiguous. It was therefore carried out this review article.

Have liver patients benefit from swallowing antioxidants?

Study Design:
A meta-analysis of 20 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind human studies (Rcts) with 1225 subjects. Of these 20 studies there are 3 studies on beta carotene supplements, 2 about vitamin A supplements, 9 on vitamin C supplements, 15 about vitamin E supplements and 8 about selenium supplements.

Most studies had showed a high risk of bias and heterogeneity.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that swallowing antioxidants the risk dying to a liver disease non-significant reduced by 11%. The relative risk (RR) was 0.89 [95% CI = 0.39-2.05]. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that antioxidants supplements the activity of the liver enzyme gamma glutamyl transpeptidase significantly increased [MD 29.39 IU/L, 95% CI = 6.67-41.75].

The researchers concluded that it was not scientifically proven, that liver patients helped in swallowing of antioxidants but that swallowing antioxidants supplements the production of liver enzymes increased.

Original title:
Meta-analysis: antioxidant supplements for liver diseases – the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group by Bjelakovic G, Gluud Ll, [...], Gluud c.

Link:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04371.x/full

Additional information about El Mondo:
There are more and more scientific evidence that taking antioxidants no benefits to the body, in many cases, the even disadvantages for the body. That is why nutritionists to antioxidants not from food supplements but to get from food.

Swallow only nutritional supplements when the claim has been approved by EFSA or when a positive effect is found in an overview article of Rcts.

Verse pasta met mozzarella en tomaten voor 4 personen

Mezzelune with tomatoes and mozzarella for 4 people

Nutritional Value:
This recipe contains 720 kcal per person, 39 grams protein, 43 grams of fat and grams of carbohydrate or 22 and 44% protein, 54 and% fat and 24 and% carbohydrates. This recipe contains 29% saturated fat and 0 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
This meal is unhealthy because it contains too much fat (> 35 and%) and saturated fat (> 10 and%) and too little fiber ( 1.3 grams per 100 kcal). A healthy meal contains up to 35 and% fat, up to 10% And saturated fat and at least 1.3 grams of fibre per 100 kcal.
54 and% fat means that 43 grams of fat carries 54% of the 720 kcal of the meal.
The high fat and saturated fat content by mezzelune and mozzarella.

This meal And delivers 24% carbohydrates and is therefore less suitable for athletes because they are recommended to choose meals with at least 55% carbohydrates And so as not to deplete the glycogen supply.

This meal can be part of a daily healthy diet provided that in these products is corrected for the high fat and saturated fat content of this meal.
To the average of 35 and% fat (directive of a healthy diet) to come back the following product And not more than 16% fat for 16 + 54 = 70. 70/2 = 35 And% fat.
And on the average of 10% saturated fat (directive of a healthy diet) to come back the following 2 products together contain no more than 1 and% saturated fat because 1 + 29 = 30. 30/3 = 10 and% saturated fat.

To the average of 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal (directive of a healthy diet) to come to the next product contain at least 2 grams of fiber per 100 kcal because 2 + 0.6 = 2.6. 2.6/2 = 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.

Which products from the supermarket And not more than 16% fat and contain at least 2 grams of fiber per 100 kcal, you can look up here.

It is used with:
The meal in combination with 6 slices of flaxseed bread and 50 grams of dried tuttifrutti delivers 27 grams of fiber.
25-30 grams of fiber a day lowers the chances of getting heart disease, colon cancer and obesity.
25 grams of fiber corresponds to products that deliver at least 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. Which products from the supermarket 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal deliver, you can look up here.

Replaced by the following:
By 500 grams of mozzarella to replace it with 400 grams of smoked salmon slices delivers the meal per person 585 kcal, 38 grams protein, 29 grams of fat and 42 grams of carbohydrate or protein, And 26% And% fat and 29 and 45% carbohydrates. This recipe contains 16 and% saturated fat and 0.7 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
This replacement covers the recommended daily amount of EPA and DHA from 2.5 days.
450 mg of EPA and DHA per day lowers the chances of getting heart disease.
What fish a minimum of 450 mg of EPA and DHA, you can look up here. Get EPA and DHA from fish rather than from fish oil supplements!

Preparation of fresh pasta with mozzarella and tomatoes & Ingredients for 4 people

Preparation:

Cook the mezzelune until tender without a dash of oil in large water [Mezzelune is Italian for crescents. Mezzelune is stuffed pasta].
Let the mozzarella drain and cut it into thin slices [Mozzarella comes from the Italian verb "mozzare", that means cutting off].
Wash the tomatoes and cut them into thin slices.
Bring the mezzelune with salt and pepper to taste and then divide them among 4 plates.
Spread over the mezzelune the mozzarella and tomatoes.
Garnish the plates with fresh basil leaves[Verse basilicumblaadjes geven een frisse smaak aan het gerecht].

Ingredients:

Mezzelune spicy with chilli, tomatoes and ricotta of Mama Mancini at Aldi (500 gram ongaar)
4 bags mozzarella (500 grams drained)
8 tomatoes (400 g)
2 stalks fresh basil
Pepper and salt

Het metabool syndroom verhoogt dikke darmkanker

Research Question:
There is a constant speculation about the association between the metabolic syndrome and colorectal neoplasia, but the published results are contradictory. It was therefore carried out this review article.

The metabolic syndrome increases the chance of getting colorectal neoplasia?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 18 studies (case-control and cohort studies) from January 1980 to July 2011.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in 18 studies that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting colorectal neoplasia significantly with 34% [95% CI = 1.24-1.44] increased. Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability.

The researchers found in case-control studies that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting colorectal neoplasia significantly with 58% [95% CI = 1.44-1.73] increased.

The researchers found in cohort studies that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting colorectal neoplasia significantly with 21% [95% CI = 1.13-1.29] increased.

The researchers found that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting colorectal cancer significantly with 30% [95% CI = 1.18-1.43] increased.

The researchers found that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting Colorectal carcinoma significantly with 37% [95% CI = 1.26-1.49] increased.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis (to get more information) that the Association was significant in both men and women.

The researchers concluded that the metabolic syndrome the chance of getting colon cancer (colorectal cancer) increased.

Original title:
The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Colorectal Neoplasm: Systemic Review and Meta-analysis by Lohia P, Raxitkumar J, [...], Liangpunsakul S.

Link:
http://journals.lww.com/jcge/Abstract/2013/01000/The_Association_Between_Metabolic_Syndrome_and.10.aspx

Additional information about El Mondo:
In cancer it is referred to as malignant neoplasia. Neoplasia is cancer is malignant neoplasm and malignant tumor. Cancer can arise from malignant tumor.

The metabolic syndrome is a condition that consists of a cluster of risk factors for the onset of heart disease. These risk factors are abdominal obesity (large waist dimension), high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, Hyperglycemia and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels. If a person has 3 or more of these risk factors, there has been talk of the metabolic syndrome.

Gehaktwellington met cashewnoten en spruitjes voor 4 personen

Minced beef wellington with cashew nuts and sprouts for 4 people

Nutritional Value:
This recipe delivers per person 865 kcal, 45 grams protein, 55 grams of fat and 47 grams of carbohydrate or protein, And 21% And% fat and 22 and 57% carbohydrates. This recipe contains 20% saturated fat and 1 gram of fiber per 100 kcal.
And 21% protein is, that 45 grams of protein 21% contributes to the total calorie content of this recipe by 865 kcal. 1 gram of protein (but also carbohydrates) 4 kcal. 1 gram of fat provides 9 kcal.
57 and% fat is, that 55 grams of fat 57% contributes to the total calorie content of this recipe by 865 kcal.
1 gram of fiber per 100 kcal is to say that in this recipe of 865 kcal so 8.7 grams of fiber.

The high fat content (> 35 and%) and saturated fat content (%) of these meal > 10 and is caused by the puff pastry and the minced meat. Recipes with puff pastry and/or minced often contain too much fat And 35%) and saturated fat (> (> 10 and%) and are therefore unhealthy.

This meal contains 57 And% fat And 20% of which saturated fat and 1 gram of fiber per 100 kcal and is therefore unhealthy because a healthy meal can be up to 35 and% fat, of which up to 10% And saturated fat and contain at least 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
Up to 35 And% fat is, that up to 35% fat may contribute to the total calorie content of the meal.
To correct for the unhealthy part of this meal the following product up to 13 And up to 0% fat, and saturated fat and contain a minimum of 1.6 grams of fiber per 100 kcal because:
13 + 57 = 70. 70/2 (products) = 35 And% fat (directive of a healthy product/meal).
0 + 20 = 20. 20/2 (products) = 10 And% saturated fat (directive of a healthy product/meal).
1.6 + 1 = 2.6. 2.6/2 (products) = 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal (directive of a healthy product/meal).
Unhealthy meals can always be part of a daily healthy diet provided you but in these products run corrections for the unhealthy part of the previous meal.
A daily healthy diet is not a diet with only healthy products/meals but is a power supply with mainly healthy products or, in other words, the average of all products/eaten daily meals must be healthy.
Which products from the supermarket And 13% fat, And 0% saturated fat and 1.6 grams of fiber per 100 kcal, you can look up here.

This meal contains thanks to the Brussels sprouts per person 160 mg of vitamin C.
Eat Brussels sprouts for vitamin C.

This meal contains thanks to the Brussels sprouts per person 145 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid.
Click here to read scientific studies on folic acid.
Eat Brussels sprouts for folic acid. What products contain a lot of folic acid, you can look up here.

This meal with ground beef per person covers the recommended daily allowance of zinc by half a day.
Eat ground beef for zinc.

It is used with:
This recipe in combination with 7 slices of wholemeal bread and 11 PCs dried plums provides 40 grams of fiber.
Diabetics are advised to eat 30-40 grams of fiber daily.
Eat whole wheat bread and dried fruit for fiber. Read scientific studies on fibres.
40 grams of fiber corresponds to products that deliver at least 2 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. Which products from the supermarket 2 grams of fiber per 100 kcal deliver, you can look up here.

Details:
This meal contains olive oil and garlic.

Preparation of minced beef wellington with cashew nuts and sprouts & Ingredients for 4 people

Preparation:

Preheat the oven to 200 ° c.
Heel (using the hand blender) the cashew nuts coarsely.
Puree the peas with 50 g of cashew nuts and the garlic cloves in the tray of the hand blender (called pea puree).
Mix the minced beef with 1 egg and minced herbs and form there with the wet hands and includes [Het ei zorgt ervoor dat het gehakt niet uit elkaar valt]4.
Cut the puff pastry into 4 equal pieces. Put on each piece 2 slices ham.
Let the ham overlap and make sure there is around a edge dough remains free.
Divide the pea puree over the ham and top with the chopped sausages on. Roll the packets and make sure that the dough around the filling plug.
Beat the remaining egg with a fork and brush it with a basting brush the packets along[Het ei geeft de gehaktwellingtons na het bakken een mooie bruine korstkleur].
With a knife make a diamond pattern on the top of the packets without the dough by cutting. Add 4 Wellingtons on a with parchment paper lined baking sheet and bake them in the oven until golden brown and cooked in 30 minutes.
Meanwhile, halve the sprouts and boil them in 5 minutes. Drain.
Cut the 2 remaining hamplakjes into strips.
Heat the olive oil in a wok and stir fry the Brussels sprouts, the diced ham and the remaining 50 grams grove cashews 3 minutes.
Divide the stir-fry and the Wellingtons among 4 plates.

Ingredients:

Ground beef (300 grams)
Cashew nuts (100 grams)
Peas (200 grams)
Brussels sprouts (500 grams)
2 eggs
Minced herbs (35 grams)
1 roll fresh puff pastry (270 g, chilled)
10 slices of raw ham (100 grams)
2 tablespoons olive oil (20 ml)
4 cloves garlic
Hand blender with Bowl
Basting Brush
Baking Paper

Een hoog plasma homocysteïnegehalte verhoogt waarschijnlijk abdominale aorta aneurysma

Research Question:
Previous studies showed inconsistent findings regarding the link between a high plasma homocysteine levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). It was therefore carried out this review article.

Increases the chances of getting a high plasma homocysteine levels of abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 7 case-control studies with 6445 participants, of which 1410 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

There was no question of publication bias.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that an increased plasma homocysteine levels the chance of getting an abdominal aortic aneurysm significantly with 229% [95% CI = 1.66-6.51, I2 = 92.9%, p = 0.000] increased.

The researchers found that an increased plasma homocysteine levels the chance of getting an abdominal aortic aneurysm in men non-significant with 136% [95% CI = 0.63-8.82] increased.

The researchers concluded that a high plasma homocysteine levels the chance of getting an abdominal aortic aneurysm probably increased. Probably because this overview article contained only case-control studies and also knew heterogeneity.

Original title:
Homocysteine Level and Risk or Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Meta-Analysis by Cao H, Hu X, [...], Xin S.

Link:
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0085831

Additional information about El Mondo:
Conclusion found in case-control studies is not really reliable because case-control studies very sensitive to errors, which can affect the conclusion. Therefore, the conclusion be confirmed in case-control studies found in cohort studies or in RCTs. Read more study design.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a local dilation of the abdominal aorta. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is defined as an aortic diameter of at least one and a half times the diameter measured at the level of the renal arteries. A Dilated abdominal aorta can tear after which the patient can bleed to death within minutes.

Risk factors of abdominal aortic aneurysm:
Diabetes mellitus (diabetes)
Heredity
Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol)
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Age (> 50)
Men are more likely than women
Smoking

Een hoog maternaal homocysteïnegehalte verhoogt de kans op een SGA-baby

Research Question:
The total homocysteïneconcentraties during pregnancy are associated with a wide range of unwanted pregnancy outcomes and may possibly affect the birth weight.

Should women during pregnancy on their homocysteine levels look for?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 19 Rcts with 21326 participants.

Results and conclusions:
The meta-analysis showed a crude OR of 1.25 [95% CI = 1.09-1.44] see. By the crude OR as a linear effect to express it came in line with a decrease in the birth weight of 31 grams (95% CI =-13 to-51 grams) at a 1-SD increase in maternal homocysteine levels.

The researchers concluded that women who during pregnancy a high homocysteine levels had an elevated risk of getting an SGA baby or a baby with a low birth weight. The small estimated birth weight difference would have little clinical relevance to individual newborn but it would be of greater importance, however, are on the population level.

Original title:
Maternal homocysteine and small-for-gestational-age offspring: systematic review and meta-analysis by Hamed M, Blom HJ and DD M.

Link:
http://www.ajcn.org/content/95/1/130.short

Additional information about El Mondo:
Swallow dietary supplements always consult with an expert!

Homocysteïne

Homocysteine is a non-essential sulphur-containing amino acid. The name is based on the fact that it is a homologue of cysteine. A non-essential amino acid is, the amino acid that the body itself can produce.
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins.
Homocysteine occurs in the metabolism of proteins by the essential amino acid methionine.
Homocysteine is labeled by the WHO as a risk factor for heart disease.
Homocysteine makes heart endothelial cells more susceptible to inflammatory mediators and can directly cause cell death.
An increased homocysteine levels can be caused by genetic defects, but also by a shortage of folic acid, vitamin B6 and B12.
At least 200 micrograms (mcg) folic acid is a day to avoid a high homocysteine levels.
Homocysteine can be measured in blood and urine. In blood is it for about 70% bound to plasma proteins.
Homocysteine levels can only be determined when someone 12 hours has not eaten or drunk (sober).
The normal homocysteine levels in the blood is about 13-14 µmol/l for men and 12-13 µmol/litre for women.
However, an optimal level is 7.5. A homocysteine level above the 15 µmol/l is too high.
With the rising of the age, the "normal" homocysteine levels far: with such a 5 to 10% every 10 years.
What factors increase homocysteine levels?
- hyperhomocysteinemia. In about 10% of the persons in whom a hyperhomocysteinemia is found, there appears to be a hereditary cause.
- Smoking (smoking inactivates vitamin B12)
- alcohol
- elevated cholesterol levels
- a deficiency of vitamin B6, B12 and/or folic acid
- gluten-sensitivity
- bowel problems
- genus. Men have a slightly higher homocysteine levels than women.
The most effective way to reduce homocysteine levels is through folic acid supplements.
Vitamin B12 reduces very light homocysteine levels.
Via folic acid supplements can homocysteine levels by an average of 25% be lowered.
The effective dose of folic acid supplements is between 200-800 micrograms per day.
It is through power supply not possible to 400 micrograms (mcg or µg) folate to get inside. Thus lowering homocysteine levels through food supplements.
The increased homocysteine levels (> 15 µmol/l) cannot be lowered with vitamin B6.

Homocysteïneverlagende meals (at least 200 micrograms (mcg) folic acid):

Scientific studies on the relationship between high homocysteine levels and health:
The review articles of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Dikke darmkanker

Colon cancer occurs almost always from a polyp. A colon polyp is an overgrowth of the lining of the colon. Most polyps are benign and will continue too. Only in a small percentage polyps come "troubled cells" for. When malignant cells grow in the wall of the colon, it is referred to as colon cancer.

The two most common hereditary forms of colon cancer are familial adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and the Lynch syndrome (previously Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) called). FAP and the Lynch syndrome are responsible for about 5 to 10% of all cases of colon cancer. Characteristic of these hereditary forms of colon cancer is that they are usually at a young age (for the 50th year of life) originated. Hereditary predisposition does not mean someone will certainly get colon cancer. Carriers of the Lynch syndrome have an increased risk of inherited by one of their parents (25-70%).

Colon cancer (not hereditary form) is mainly found in people of 60 years of age and older. But colon cancer can also occur on (much) younger age.

The Minister of health, welfare and Sport has decided to starting from 2014 a rural population screening for colon cancer to enter. The introduction of the population screening means that from 2014 all Dutch people between 55 and 75 year get a call every two years to surrender to defecate. This is checked for traces of blood. Traces of blood in the stool may indicate colon cancer but doesn't have to be that way.

At an early detection of colon cancer survives 90% of patients the first 5 years. But when colon cancer a chance to sow out to other organs, then only 10% survive the first five years.

The growth of colon cancer usually goes very slowly. It may take up to ten years a healthy cell eventually a cancer cell.

There is no single cause for the emergence of non-hereditary colon cancer.

Scientific studies on colon cancer:
The review articles (meta-analyses) of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Borstkanker

Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among Dutch women. Breast cancer is a rare disease before the thirtieth year. After that age, the number of women that breast cancer gets gradually increases. About 75% of people in whom breast cancer is detected, is 50 years of age or older. Breast cancer most frequently occurs in women between 50 and 75 years.

About 5 to 10% of all women with breast cancer has gotten the disease by a hereditary predisposition. The cause is often a change in the genetic material of the BRCA1 gene or the BRCA2 gene (BRCA stands for BReast CAncer). The inherited form is usually set at a younger age-between 35 and 60 years. Patients with the inherited form are at increased risk of getting cancer in both breasts (in the place of to one chest) and also an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

Women who carry the BRCA 1 or 2 breast cancer gene have 55 to 85% chance to for their 80th to get breast cancer. The risk of ovarian cancer is 40-60% (BRCA1) and 15-20% (at BCRA2).
The risk of breast cancer for women without hereditary predisposition is around 11%.
The risk of ovarian cancer for women without hereditary predisposition is 1%.

Men can also get breast cancer. They have 0.1% chance. In men with a mutation in BRCA1 it is estimated on a few percentage points and with a BRCA2 mutation at 7%. 0.2% of all cancers in men is breast cancer.

Most known risk factors of breast cancer are:

little or no children.
get the first child later in life.
for the first time at a young age menstruate.
come late in the transition.
very dense glandular tissue in the breast have.
hormone preparations against menopausal use longer than 2 to 3 years (this risk is less when you stop using hormone preparations).
short or no breast-feeding.
swallowing the pill (this risk decreases when you stop taking the pill).
drink more than one glass of alcohol every day over a longer period of time.
little exercise.
overweight during and after the transition.

Scientific studies on the relationship between diet and breast cancer:
The review articles of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Het eten van paddenstoelen verlaagt borstkanker

Research Question:
Eating mushrooms lowers the chance of getting breast cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 8 case-control studies (2313 cases and 2387 controls) and 2 cohort studies (4577 cases and 1748623 persons years).

There was no question of publication bias.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in a dose-dependent analysis linear relationship between eating mushrooms and the reduced risk of getting breast cancer.

The researchers found that eating every ounce mushrooms per day, the chance of getting breast cancer significantly with 3% [RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96-0.98, I2 = 56.3%, p = 0.015] reduced.

The researchers found that eating mushrooms the risk of getting breast cancer among premenopausal women significantly with 4% [RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.91-1.00, I2 = 79.1%, p = 0.008] reduced.

The researchers found that eating mushrooms the risk of getting breast cancer among postmenopausal women significantly with 6% [RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91-0.97, I2 = 0%, p = 0.408] reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating mushrooms reduced the chance of getting breast cancer.

Original title:
Dietary mushroom intake may reduce the risk of breast cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis of observational studies by L, Li J, Would [...], Miao X.

Link:
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0093437

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on breast cancer.

Pompoen-bonensoep voor 4 personen

Pumpkin bean soup for 4 people

Nutritional Value:
This recipe delivers per person 568 kcal, 43 grams protein, 24 grams of fat and 45 grams of carbs or protein, And 30% And% fat and 32 and 38% carbohydrates. This recipe contains 9 And% saturated fat and 3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. This recipe has a GI number of 46.
32 and% carbohydrates is, 45 grams carbohydrates 32% contributes to the total calorie content of this recipe by 568 kcal.
The high fiber content (> 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal) of this recipe comes by the brown beans.
Kidney beans-recipes are generally high in fiber (> 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal).

The high fat content (> 35 and% FAT) of this meal is due to the chicken wings. To correct for the high fat content of this meal And the next product may have no more than 32% FAT. Which products from the supermarket And not more than 32% FAT, you can look up here.

This recipe yields thanks to the tomatoes 4 mg lycopene. Lycopene is a carotenoid. Carotenoids are antioxidants.
Get antioxidants from fruit, vegetables and nuts rather than from dietary supplements!

This recipe provides 1.7 grams of potassium. Potassium lowers blood pressure while sodium raises blood pressure.
Potassium-rich products are meat, vegetables, fruit, nuts, cereals, fish, tubers (potato, cassava, and yam), rice, pasta and dairy products.
A good way to get enough potassium to daily, is via 5-7 slices of bread, 450 ml milk, 200 g potato or 100 grams of pasta or rice, 100 grams of meat or fish, 200-300 g of vegetables and 2-5 pieces of fruit.

This recipe delivers 7 mg vitamin B3 and covers the recommended daily allowance of 0.5 day. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is the amount that the body needs to the daily loss. The RDA of a vitamin or a mineral is often seen as the lower limit. The RDA on the packaging of foodstuffs and animal feed additives comes from EFSA and on the website of the Nutritional Centre of the Health Council of the Netherlands. Each nutrient has a lower and upper limit.

It is used with:
This recipe in combination with 20 pieces cracottes vital supplies 26 grams of fiber and this combination covers the recommended daily amount of vitamin B3 yesterday.
25-30 grams of fiber a day lowers the chances of getting heart disease, colon cancer and obesity.
30 grams of fiber corresponds to products that deliver at least 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. Which products from the supermarket 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal deliver, you can look up here.

Replaced by the following:
By 8 chicken wings to replace 200 g eel covers the meal per person the recommended daily amount of EPA and DHA from 5 days. Eel is a fatty fish and therefore contains many EPA and DHA.
450 mg of EPA and DHA per day lowers the chances of getting heart disease. 450 mg of EPA and DHA per day comes in the practice match fish twice a week, of which at least 1 time oily fish. Fat fish are high in EPA and DHA than not fat fish.
Get EPA and DHA from fish rather than from fish oil supplements!

By 8 chicken wings to replace it with 200 grams of salmon meal per person covers the recommended daily amount of EPA and DHA from 2 days and the recommended daily amount of vitamin B12 by 1 day.
Vitamin B12 is only found in animal products.

Preparation of pumpkin & Ingredients bean soup for 4 people

Preparation:

Peel and cut the pumpkin in coarse paste.
Add the kidney beans in chilli sauce, peeled tomatoes in tomato juice, chicken wings and pumpkin to a large saucepan.
Add 600 ml boiled water to the pan and let the pan over low heat for 40 minutes.
Wash and slice the mushrooms and spring onions.
Add the mushrooms and spring onions to the pan and season with salt or broth the dish to taste.
After 5 minutes, remove the pan from the heat and divide the soup over 4 large bowls.
Garnish the bowls with freshly ground pepper.

Ingredients:

2 cans kidney beans in chilli sauce (800 grams, not drained)
8 chicken wings (560 grams of meat)
2 cans peeled tomatoes in tomato juice (800 grams, not drained)
Pumpkin (600 grams cut)
Mushrooms (400 g)
8 stalks spring onion (100 grams)

Minstens 25 gram vezels per dag verlaagt suikerziekte type 2

Research Question:
Observational studies suggest a link between fiber intake and the risk of getting type 2 diabetes, but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, this review article was carried out.

Eating fiber reduces the chances of getting diabetes type 2?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 17 prospective cohort studies with 488293 participants, of which 19033 people with diabetes type 2.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating total fibers, corn fiber, fruit fiber and insoluble fiber, the chance of getting type 2 diabetes significantly with respectively 19% [95% CI = 0.73-0.90], 23% [95% CI = 0.69-0.85], 6% [95% CI = 0.88-0.99] and 25% [95% CI = 0.63-0.89] reduced.

The researchers found a non-linear relationship between eating (total) fibers and getting diabetes type 2, with a non-significant reduced risk of 2% at 15 grams per day, a non-significant reduced risk of 3% at 20 grams per day, a significantly reduced risk of 11% at 25 grams per day, a significantly reduced risk of 24% at 30 grams per day and a significantly decreased risk of 34% at 35 grams per day.

The researchers found that every increase of 2 grams of corn fiber a day, the chance of getting type 2 diabetes significantly with 6% [RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.93-0.96] reduced.
Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability.

The researchers concluded that eating fiber (at least 25 grams a day) the chances of getting diabetes type 2 reduced. The reduced risk was non-linear.

Original title:
Dietary fiber intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a dose-response analysis of prospective studies by Yao B, Fang H, [...], Zhao Y.

Link:
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10654-013-9876-x

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read more about diabetes, fiber consumption and significance.

Voedingsvezels

Dietary fiber, also called "ballast substances", is a collection of substances not be digested in the small intestine. They come so unchanged in the colon where they exert positive effects on the body.
Dietary fiber or fibers are chemically carbohydrates that give firmness to plants.
Dietary fiber do not occur in animal products. They come only in plant products, such as vegetables, fruits and nuts for.
Dietary fiber do not provide nutrients to the body but they are important for proper bowel function.
There are 2 types of dietary fiber:
1. Non-fermentable dietary fiber, also known as insoluble fiber called. Insoluble fiber works like a sponge in the colon: they take on moisture. As a result, hard, dry stool soft and supple. Loose stools is referred to by the sponge effect just thickened. Non-fermentable dietary fiber give a longer satiety.
  Insoluble fiber are especially in whole grain and grain products, such as whole wheat bread, brown bread, muesli, Granola, oatmeal and bran.
  Examples of non-fermentable fibers are: resistant starch, hemi-cellulose, cellulose and lignin.
2. Fermentable dietary fiber, also known as soluble fiber called. Fermentable dietary fiber also take water on, albeit less than the non-fermentable fibers. They are mostly well water soluble and also bind bile acids, glucose, cholesterol and fatty acids to itself. They are broken down by intestinal bacteria in the large intestine. The short-chain fatty acids, substances that promote the release, such as bowel function.
  Fermentable fibers occur mainly in vegetables, fruits and legumes.Non-fermentable dietary fiber give a longer satiety, while fermentable dietary fibers promote bowel function.
In food, these 2 types of fiber next to each other. In one product are more soluble fiber than insoluble and vice versa.
Dietary fiber that serve as food for the good intestinal bacteria in the colon, are called Prebiotics. Prebiotics are fermentable fibers.
The EFSA has adopted no health claims of Prebiotics in 2013.
In the year 2013 is not punishable by law approved health claims of Prebiotics on food packaging and food supplements to put.
The most well-known Prebiotics are:
- Inulin (is to high fiber white bread added).
- Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS to baby food as CIS and added).
- Pectins (as thickening agents added to soft drinks).
- Glucans from grain products.
Dietary fiber supply per gram 2 kcal.
Dietary fiber in the food industry are often used as thickening agents such as pectin and gums. Thickening agents for food law E-numbers.
Thickening agents improve the mouthfeel of diet drinks and sugar-free soft drinks.
A high-fiber diet is a diet with a minimum of 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
Recommendations of dietary fiber:
- 25-30 grams of dietary fiber per day.
  25 grams of dietary fiber per day corresponds to a daily diet with at least 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal and 30 grams of fiber corresponds to a minimum of 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
- The minimum limit for the fiber intake for children over 2 years is "the age + 5" g and the maximum intake is "the age + 10" g.
- Still no specific recommendation for soluble and insoluble dietary fibre.

Soluble fiber	Not soluble fiber
Strawberries	Brown rice
Apples	Bulgur
Beans	Couscous
Blueberries	Zucchini
Dried peas	Barley
Vegetables	Cucumbers
Oatmeal	Muesli
Oat Bran	Celery
Lentils	Wheat Bran
Nuts and seeds	Tomatoes
Pears	Whole Wheat Bread
	Roots
	Seeds

Scientific studies on dietary fiber:
The review articles (meta-analyses) of randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind human studies (Rcts) answer the following question:
"Is swallowing food supplements make sense?". Yes at a positive conclusion and no in the case of a negative conclusion.

The review articles (meta-analyses) of cohort studies or case-control studies answer the following question:
"Should I change my diet?".

Krieljes met geroosterde spruitjes en pecannoten voor 4 personen

Baby potatoes with roasted Brussels Sprouts with pecans for 4 people

Nutritional Value:
This recipe delivers per person 577 kcal, 19 grams protein, 37 grams of fat and 42 grams of carbohydrate or protein, 58 and 13 and 29% And%% fat and carbohydrates. This recipe contains 16 and% saturated fat and 1.8 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. This recipe has a GI number of 40.
13 and% protein is, that 19 grams of protein 13% contributes to the total calorie content of this recipe by 577 kcal.

The high fat content (> 35 and%) and saturated fat content (%) are caused by > 10 and ricotta cheese, bacon and Pecans. Due to the high fat and saturated fat content is this meal unhealthy.
To correct for the unhealthy part of this meal should the next product up to 12 And a maximum of 4% fat, and saturated fat and contain a minimum of 0.8 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
12 + 58 = 70. 70/2 (products) = 35 And% fat (a healthy product directive).
4 + 16 = 20. 30/2 (products) = 10 And% saturated fat (richtllijn a healthy product).
0.8 + 1.8 = 2.6. 2.6/2 (products) = 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal (a healthy product directive).

Which products from the supermarket up to 12% And a maximum of 4% fat, And saturated fat and deliver at least 0.8 grams of fiber per 100 kcal, you can look up here.

Unhealthy meals can always be part of a daily healthy diet provided that in these meals/products but is corrected for the unhealthy part of the previous meal.

Meals are unhealthy meals/products/products with more than 35% And more than 10% fat, And saturated fat and less than 1.3 grams of fiber per 100 kcal.
A daily healthy diet consists mainly of healthy meals/products.

This meal supplies thanks to the Brussels sprouts per person 210 micrograms of folic acid.
At least 200 micrograms (mcg) folic acid is a day to avoid a high homocysteine levels. A high homocysteine level is a risk factor for heart disease.
Eat Brussels sprouts for folic acid.

This meal supplies thanks to the Brussels sprouts per person 240 mg of vitamin c. vitamin C is an antioxidant. Get antioxidants from fruit, vegetables and nuts rather than from dietary supplements!.
Eat Brussels sprouts for vitamin C.

It is used with:
This meal in combination with 5 slices of rye bread and 3 Kiwis delivers 27 grams of fiber and 415 mg of vitamin c. vitamin C is 400-500 mg per day to achieve an optimal blood value. Kiwi, Brussels sprouts and paprika contain much vitamin C.
25-30 grams of fiber a day lowers the chances of getting heart disease, colon cancer and obesity.
30 grams of fiber corresponds to products that deliver at least 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal. Which products from the supermarket 1.5 grams of fiber per 100 kcal deliver, you can look up here.

Preparation of krieljes with roasted Brussels sprouts and Pecans & Ingredients for 4 people

Preparation:

Heat the oven at 200 degrees for Celcisus.
Cut the potatoes into quarters and halve the Brussels sprouts.
Chop the garlic cloves finely and the Pecans coarsely and ris the leaves of the sprigs of thyme.
Mix the potatoes with the thyme, Brussels sprouts, bacon, garlic and Pecans.
Divide the Court about a with parchment paper lined baking sheet.
Divide the ricotta cheese on the baking sheet.
Bake the dish in the oven 25 minutes.
The Court divide among 4 plates.

Ingredients:

Baby potatoes (500 grams)
Brussels sprouts (750 grams, cut)
Bacon strips (100 grams)
Pecans (115 grams)
Ricotta cheese (250 grams)
Thyme (15 grams)
4 cloves garlic
Parchment paper + baking sheet

Groenten, fruit en beta-caroteen verlagen nierkanker

Research Question:
Lowers eating vegetables, fruit or carotenoids the chance of getting kidney cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 13 prospective cohort studies with a follow-up duration of 7-20 years, 1478 niercelkankergevallen (709 women and 769 men) under 774952 participants.

Validated were used FAHIM and random effects model. There was no question of heterogeneity between studies (p = 0.86).

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating less than 600 grams fruit and vegetables compared with less than 200 grams per day, the risk of renal cell cancer significantly with 32% [95% CI = 0.54-0.87, P for trend = 0.001] reduced. Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that eating at least 400 grams of fruit compared to less than 100 grams per day, the risk of renal cell cancer significantly with 21% [95% CI = 0.63-0.99, P for trend = 0.03] reduced. Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that eating at least 400 g of vegetables compared to less than 100 grams per day, the risk of renal cell cancer not significant with 28% [95% CI = 0.48-1.08, P for trend = 0.07] reduced. Not significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that every increase of 78 g broccoli a day, the risk of renal cell cancer significantly with 40% [95% CI = 0.41-0.89] reduced.

The researchers found that every increase of 57 g root per day, the risk of renal cell cancer significantly with 18% [95% CI = 0.68-0.99] reduced.

The researchers found that eating a lot of Alpha-carotene (highest compared to lowest quintile), the chance of getting renal cell not significantly with 13% [95% CI = 0.73-1.03] reduced.

The researchers found that eating a lot of beta carotene (highest compared to lowest quintile), the chance of getting renal cell cancer significantly with 18% [95% CI = 0.69-0.98] reduced.

The researchers found that eating a lot of beta-cryptoxanthin (highest compared to lowest quintile), the chance of getting renal cell not significantly by 14% [95% CI = 0.73-1.01] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of lutein/zeaxanthin (highest compared to lowest quintile), the chance of getting renal cell not significant with 18% [95% CI = 0.64-1.06] reduced.

The researchers found that eating lots of lycopene (highest compared to lowest quintile), the chance of getting renal cell not significantly with 13% [95% CI = 0.95-1.34] increased.

The researchers concluded that eating fruits and vegetables (minimum 600 grams fruit only, 78 grams together, 400 grams of broccoli or 57 gram roots per day) but also beta-carotene reduced the chance of getting renal cell cancer.

Original title:
Intakes or Fruit, Vegetables, and Carotenoids and Renal Cell Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 13 Prospective Studies by Lee you, Männistö S, [...], Smith-Warner SA.

Link:
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/18/6/1730.short

Additional information about El Mondo:
90%-95% of the kidney cancer cases is renal cell cancer. Obsolete names for the same disease are: adenocarcinoma of the kidney, adenocarcinoma renis or Grawitz tumor. In the other cases (5 to 10%) it is referred to as cancer of the lining of the renal pelvis, which grows in the kidney tissue.

Renal cell cancer can be hereditary, but also risk factors such as smoking and factors determined by environmental, living and working environment increase the risk of renal cell cancer.

Renal cell cancer comes one and a half to two times more common in men than in women and develops higher age (65-75 years).

Een dieet met veel noten verhoogt niet overgewicht

Research Question:
Epidemiological studies have reported an inverse association between the frequency of nut consumption and BMI and the risk of obesity. However, clinical studies on the relationship between nut consumption and overweight are scarce and unconvincing. It was therefore carried out this review article.

Increases the risk of overweight eating lots of nuts?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 33 clinical trials.

There was no question of publication bias.
This meta-analysis used the weighted average difference and the random-effects model.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that a diet high in nuts compared with little nuts, the weight does not significantly with 0.47 kg [95% CI =-1.17 to 0.22 kg, I2 = 7%] reduced.
Not significant is, there can not be said with 95% reliability that a diet high in nuts with 0.47 kg reduced the weight really.

The researchers found that a diet high in nuts compared with little nuts, the BMI is not significant with 0.40 point [WMD =-0.40 kg/m (2), 95% CI =-0.97 to 0.17 kg/m (2), I2 = 49%] reduced.
Not significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that a diet high in nuts compared with little nuts, the waist circumference not significant with 1.25 cm [WMD =-1.25 cm, 95% CI =-2.82 to 0.31 cm, I2 = 28%] reduced.

The researchers concluded that a diet high in nuts the chance of getting overweight not raised or lowered.

Original title:
Utility intake and adiposity: meta-analysis of clinical trials by Flores-Mateo G, Rojas-Rueda D, [...], Salas-Salvadó J.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23595878

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read more about overweight.
Read more about I2, publication bias and significance.

At the pooling (merge) of the individual results in a meta-analysis, can geïncludeerde to the results of the studies a statistical weight. This weighting factor, is it possible to give more weight to the analysis in the studies with a larger number of patients or with a better methodological quality.
Conclusions of studies with a larger number of patients or with a better methodological quality are more reliable than studies with a smaller number of patients or with poor methodological quality.
The weighted mean difference (WMD) is the result of a meta-analysis of the pooled and weighted results of studies with continuous outcomes (including averages and standard deviations).