Elderly

Objectives:
Dairy product consumption may affect the risk of hip fracture, but previous studies have reported inconsistent findings. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does consumption of dairy products reduce risk of hip fracture?

Study design:

Objectives:
Is there a dose-response association between serum 25(OH)D (vitamin D level in blood) and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD)?

Objectives:
β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulates abnormally to senile plaque which is the initiator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As one of the Aβ-degrading enzymes, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) remains controversial for its protein level and activity in Alzheimer's brain. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there an association between insulin-degrading enzyme protein level and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD)?

Objectives:
Inflammatory markers are often elevated in patients with dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether inflammatory markers are associated with the risk of developing dementia. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Do inflammatory markers increase risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD)?

Objectives:
Cardiovascular risk factors are closely linked with dementia risk, but whether heart disease predisposes to dementia is uncertain. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does heart disease increase risk of dementia?

Study design:
This review article included 16 studies (1,309,483 individuals) regarding coronary heart disease and 7 studies (1,958,702 individuals) about heart failure.

Objectives:
Is there an association between consumption of food groups and the occurrence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?

Objectives:
Total dietary fat intake might influence the risk of fracture; however, conflicting findings have been reported to date. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there an association between dietary fat intake and risk of fracture?

Objectives:
Oxidative stress has been found to be implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there an association between selenium level in the brain and Alzheimer’s disease? 

Objectives:
Low carbohydrate diets, which restrict carbohydrate in favour of increased protein or fat intake, or both, are a popular weight-loss strategy. However, the long-term effect of carbohydrate restriction on mortality is controversial and could depend on whether dietary carbohydrate is replaced by plant-based or animal-based fat and protein. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is there a relationship between carbohydrate diet and all-cause mortality?

Study design:

Objectives:
The associations of various dietary or circulating antioxidants with the risk of all-cause mortality in the general population have not been established yet. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Do dietary or circulating antioxidants reduced risk of all-cause mortality in the general population?

Study design:
This review article included 41 prospective observational studies with a total of 507,251 participants and 73,965 cases of all-cause mortality.