Objectives:
Does Alzheimer disease increase risk of stroke?

Study design:
This review article included 8 studies, representing 121,719 individuals (Alzheimer disease = 73,044 and non-Alzheimer disease = 48,675).

Results and conclusions:
The investigators found patients with Alzheimer disease had a significantly increased risk of 42% [relative risk = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.64] for hemorrhagic stroke.

The investigators concluded Alzheimer disease increases risk of hemorrhagic stroke.

Objectives:
The role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of COVID-19 is not fully known. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Does hydroxychloroquine increase risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Objectives:
Does high magnesium dietary intake reduce risk of type 2 diabetes and stroke?

Study design:
This review article included 53 prospective cohort studies with a total of 1,912,634 participants and 76,678 cases (persons with type 2 diabetes or stroke).

Participants were predominately middle aged at baseline (at the beginning of the studies), with a mean magnesium intake of 370 mg/day for the highest category and 232 mg/day for the lowest category.

The mean duration of all eligible studies was 10.7 years.

Objectives:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020. No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and those with smoking history. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Are COPD and smoking status associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection?

Objectives:
What is the diagnostic test accuracy of chest CT for detecting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Study design:
This review article included 16 studies (n = 3,186 patients). The risks of bias in all studies were moderate in general.

There was substantial heterogeneity according to Cochran's Q test [p  0.01] and Higgins I2 heterogeneity index [96% for sensitivity].

Objectives:
Has probiotic supplementation positive effects on the outcomes of preterm infants in India?

Study design:
This review article included 9 RCTs (n = 1,514).

Results and conclusions:
The investigators found in 9 RCTs that probiotics supplementation significantly reduced risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) ≥ Stage II with 64% [risk ratio = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.66, p = 0.0009].  

Objectives:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease with lack of established laboratory markers available to evaluate illness severity. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Is a low platelet count associated with increased risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19?

Objectives:
Physical exercise may offer multiple benefits to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it was not traditionally recommended because of the possibility of impairing renal function and increasing proteinuria. Therefore, this review aricle has been conducted.

Does low-intensity physical exercise offer benefits to patients with chronic kidney disease?

Study design:
This review article included 21 RCTs with a intervention of at least 12 weeks and 927 patients.

Objectives:
Is there a causal relationship between daily egg consumption and positive effects on blood pressure?
 
Study design:
This review article included 15 RCTs with a total of 748 participants and mean age range from 23.3 to 67.1 years old.

All included studies used whole egg as an intervention which varied from one egg/day to three eggs/day and duration of supplementation ranged from 3 to 12 weeks.

Objectives:
Are increased procalcitonin values associated with a higher risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection?

Study design:
This review article included 4 studies.

Results and conclusions:   
The investigators found increased procalcitonin values were associated with a nearly 5-fold higher risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection [OR = 4.76, 95% CI = 2.74 to 8.29, I2 = 34%].