Lower serum prealbumin concentrations are associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality

Objectives:
Excessive inflammation and malnutrition are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality. Combined biomarkers of malnutrition and inflammation, such as serum prealbumin, might be particularly attractive for early risk stratification. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Anakinra might be associated with reductions in both mortality and need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients

Objectives:
Severe COVID-19 cases have a detrimental hyper-inflammatory host response and different cytokine-blocking biologic agents were explored to improve outcomes. Anakinra blocks the activity of both IL-1α and IL‑1β and is approved for different autoinflammatory disorders, but it is used off-label for conditions characterized by an excess of cytokine production. Several studies on anakinra in COVID-19 patients reported positive effects. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

A high dietary intake of β-cryptoxanthin reduce osteoporosis and hip fracture

Objectives:
Does a high dietary intake of β-cryptoxanthin reduce the risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture?

Study design:
This review article included 7 cohort studies, 4 case-control studies and 4 cross-sectional studies with a total of 100,496 individuals.
The methodological qualities of all studies were rated as “fair” to “good”.
The number of populations in each study ranged from 59 to 25,566.

Hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease are risk factors for COVID-19 infection

Objectives:
What are the clinical characteristics of the patients diagnosed with COVID-19?

Study design:
This review article included 102 studies, covering 121,437 infected COVID-19 patients.

Begg’s funnel plot [p = 0.780] and Egger’s test [p = 0.069], showed no sign of publication bias in the included studies.

Results and conclusions:   
The investigators found the mean age of the patients was 58.42 years.

Probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation improve oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney disease

Objectives:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide. Evidence supporting the use of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation in the management of CKD is mixed, although some studies suggest they may be useful. Therefore, this review article has been conducted.

Do probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation improve cardiometabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease?  

D-dimer, fibrinogen, CRP, hs-CRP, ferritin and IL-6 are associated with increased severity and mortality in COVID-19 infection

Objectives:
Is there a difference in thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers between patients with severe COVID-19 infection/death and mild infection?

Study design:
This review article included 75 studies with 17,052 COVID-19 patients.
Patients with severe COVID-19/non-survivors were older, a greater proportion were men, had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, cardiac or cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, malignancy and COPD.

Moderate to significant heterogeneity was observed for all parameters.